Writing XHTML demands a clean HTML syntax.
寫XHTML要求使用干淨的HTML語法
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Some More XHTML Syntax Rules:
更多XHTML語法規則：
Attribute names must be in lower case
屬性名稱必須為小寫
Attribute values must be quoted
屬性值使用雙引號
Attribute minimization is forbidden
屬性簡寫是不允許的
The id attribute replaces the name attribute
用id屬性來替代name屬性
The XHTML DTD defines mandatory elements
XHTML DTD定義強制元素
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Attribute Names Must Be In Lower Case
屬性名稱必須為小寫
This is wrong:
這是錯誤的：
<table WIDTH="100%">This is correct:
這是正確的：
<table width="100%">
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Attribute Values Must Be Quoted
屬性值必須帶上雙引號
This is wrong:
這是錯誤的：
<table width=100%>This is correct:
這是正確的：
<table width="100%">
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Attribute Minimization Is Forbidden
不允許屬性簡寫
This is wrong:
這是錯誤的：
<input checked>
<input readonly>
<input disabled>
<option selected>
<frame noresize>This is correct:
正確的是這樣：
<input checked="checked" />
<input readonly="readonly" />
<input disabled="disabled" />
<option selected="selected" />
<frame noresize="noresize" />Here is a list of the minimized attributes in HTML and how they should be written in XHTML:
這是在HTML中簡寫的屬性和其在XHTML中應該怎樣書寫的列表：
HTML XHTML
compact compact="compact"
checked checked="checked"
declare declare="declare"
readonly readonly="readonly"
disabled disabled="disabled"
selected selected="selected"
defer defer="defer"
ismap ismap="ismap"
nohref nohref="nohref"
noshade noshade="noshade"
nowrap nowrap="nowrap"
multiple multiple="multiple"
noresize noresize="noresize"
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The id Attribute Replaces The name Attribute
id屬性替換name屬性
HTML 4.01 defines a name attribute for the elements a, applet, frame, iframe, img, and map. In XHTML the name attribute is deprecated. Use id instead.
對於a, applet, frame, iframe, img和map，HTML 4.01中定義了一個name屬性，在XHTML中是不贊成這樣做的，使用id來代替。
This is wrong:
這是錯誤的：
<img src="picture.gif" name="picture1" />This is correct:
這是正確的：
<img src="picture.gif" id="picture1" />Note: To interoperate with older browsers for a while, you should use both name and id, with identical attribute values, like this:
注意：為了版本比較低的浏覽器，你應該同時使用name和id屬性，並使它們兩個的值相同的，像這樣：
<img src="picture.gif" id="picture1" name="picture1" />IMPORTANT Compatibility Note:
兼容性注意點：
To make your XHTML compatible with today''s browsers, you should add an extra space before the "/" symbol.
讓你的XHTML兼容當前的浏覽器你應該在/標記前添加空格
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The Lang Attribute
Lang 屬性
The lang attribute applies to almost every XHTML element. It specifies the language of the content within an element.
lang屬性可以應用於幾乎所有的XHTML元素。它指定了元素中內容的語言
If you use the lang attribute in an element, you must add the xml:lang attribute, like this:
如果你像在一個元素中應用lang屬性，你必須加上xml:lang屬性，像這樣：
<div lang="no" xml:lang="no">Heia Norge!</div>
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Mandatory XHTML Elements
強制XHTML元素
All XHTML documents must have a DOCTYPE declaration. The html, head and body elements must be present, and the title must be present inside the head element.
所有的XHTML文檔都必須有一個DOCTYPE聲名。html、head和body元素必須出現，並且title必須在head元素裡
This is a minimum XHTML document template:
這是一個極小的XHTML文檔模板
<!DOCTYPE Doctype goes here>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<title>Title goes here</title>
</head><body>
Body text goes here
</body></html>Note: The DOCTYPE declaration is not a part of the XHTML document itself. It is not an XHTML element, and it should not have a closing tag.
注意：DOCTYPE聲明並不是XHTML文檔自身的一部分。它也不是XHTML元素，它不該有關閉標簽。
Note: The xmlns attribute inside the <html> tag is required in XHTML. However, the validator on w3.org does not complain when this attribute is missing in an XHTML document. This is because "xmlns=http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" is a fixed value and will be added to the <html> tag even if you do not include it.
注意：XHTML文檔要求xmlns屬性出現在html標簽中。然而，w3.org的校驗器不會由於這個屬性沒有出現在你的XHTML文檔中而報告錯誤。這是因為"xmlns=http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"是一個固定的值，即使你的文檔裡沒有包含它，它也會自動加上的。
You will learn more about the XHTML document type definition in the next chapter