利用Runtime.execute方法，我們可以在Java程序中運行Linux的Shell腳本，或者執行其他程序
現在通過CommandHelper.execute方法可以執行命令，該類實現 代碼如下: package javaapplication3; import java.io.BufferedReader; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.InputStreamReader; /** * * @author chenshu */ public class CommandHelper { //default time out, in millseconds public static int DEFAULT_TIMEOUT; public static final int DEFAULT_INTERVAL = 1000; public static long START; public static CommandResult exec(String command) throws IOException, InterruptedException { Process process = Runtime.getRuntime().exec(command); CommandResult commandResult = wait(process); if (process != null) { process.destroy(); } return commandResult; } private static boolean isOverTime() { return System.currentTimeMillis() - START >= DEFAULT_TIMEOUT; } private static CommandResult wait(Process process) throws InterruptedException, IOException { BufferedReader errorStreamReader = null; BufferedReader inputStreamReader = null; try { errorStreamReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(process.getErrorStream())); inputStreamReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(process.getInputStream())); //timeout control START = System.currentTimeMillis(); boolean isFinished = false; for (;;) { if (isOverTime()) { CommandResult result = new CommandResult(); result.setExitValue(CommandResult.EXIT_VALUE_TIMEOUT); result.setOutput("Command process timeout"); return result; } if (isFinished) { CommandResult result = new CommandResult(); result.setExitValue(process.waitFor()); //parse error info if (errorStreamReader.ready()) { StringBuilder buffer = new StringBuilder(); String line; while ((line = errorStreamReader.readLine()) != null) { buffer.append(line); } result.setError(buffer.toString()); } //parse info if (inputStreamReader.ready()) { StringBuilder buffer = new StringBuilder(); String line; while ((line = inputStreamReader.readLine()) != null) { buffer.append(line); } result.setOutput(buffer.toString()); } return result; } try { isFinished = true; process.exitValue(); } catch (IllegalThreadStateException e) { // process hasn't finished yet isFinished = false; Thread.sleep(DEFAULT_INTERVAL); } } } finally { if (errorStreamReader != null) { try { errorStreamReader.close(); } catch (IOException e) { } } if (inputStreamReader != null) { try { inputStreamReader.close(); } catch (IOException e) { } } } } } CommandHelper類使用了CommandResult對象輸出結果錯誤信息。該類實現 代碼如下: package javaapplication3; /** * * @author chenshu */ public class CommandResult { public static final int EXIT_VALUE_TIMEOUT=-1; private String output; void setOutput(String error) { output=error; } String getOutput(){ return output; } int exitValue; void setExitValue(int value) { exitValue=value; } int getExitValue(){ return exitValue; } private String error; /** * @return the error */ public String getError() { return error; } /** * @param error the error to set */ public void setError(String error) { this.error = error; } } 現在看看調用代碼的演示（main函數接受一個超時參數）： 代碼如下: public static void main(String[] args) { try { int timeout = Integer.parseInt(args[0]); CommandHelper.DEFAULT_TIMEOUT = timeout; CommandResult result = CommandHelper.exec("mkdir testdir"); if (result != null) { System.out.println("Output:" + result.getOutput()); System.out.println("Error:" + result.getError()); } } catch (IOException ex) { System.out.println("IOException:" + ex.getLocalizedMessage()); } catch (InterruptedException ex) { System.out.println("InterruptedException:" + ex.getLocalizedMessage()); } } 結果會創建一個testdir目錄。 我嘗試用這種方法創建通過ssh登錄到遠程機器，遇到兩個問題： 1）如果希望沒有人機對話方式，則需要使用命令sshpass -p password ssh user@targetIP 'command' 2) 在NetBeans上直接運行工程是不行的，因為權限不夠,需要在終端裡運行java javaapplication3.Main 3) 很多命令不能運行，只有如pwd等命令可以運行，原因還不清楚，最好改用Ganymed SSH-2庫或者其他類似Java庫，我會在下一篇文章中介紹如何使用。