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js querySelector和getElementById通過id獲取元素的區別
編輯:關於JavaScript     

這是sina同事xiaoniu發現的,如下

<!DOCTYPE html> 
<html> 
<head> 
<meta charset="utf-8"/> 
</head> 
<body> 
<div id="02E503E2A1C011CFC85B7B701A0677EC0900000000000001"></div> 
<script> 
var str = '02E503E2A1C011CFC85B7B701A0677EC0900000000000001'; 
function bySelector(id) { 
return document.querySelector('#'+id); 
} 
function byId(id) { 
return document.getElementById(id); 
} 

alert(bySelector(str)); 
alert(byId(str)); 
</script> 
</body> 
</html> 

兩個函數bySelector,byId分別通過querySelector和getElementById獲取元素.

頁面上有id為“02E503E2A1C011CFC85B7B701A0677EC0900000000000001”的元素。

結果:所有支持querySelector的浏覽器中通過bySelector均獲取不到(報錯),但通過getElementById卻可以獲取。

開始懷疑是id的字符串太長的原因導致querySelector獲取不到。真正原因卻是querySelector按css規范實現,即css標識符也不能以數字開頭。

W3 寫道
In CSS, identifiers (including element names, classes, and IDs in selectors) can contain only the characters [a-zA-Z0-9] and ISO 10646 characters U+00A0 and higher, plus the hyphen (-) and the underscore (_); they cannot start with a digit, two hyphens, or a hyphen followed by a digit. Identifiers can also contain escaped characters and any ISO 10646 character as a numeric code (see next item). For instance, the identifier "B&W?" may be written as "B\&W\?" or "B\26 W\3F".

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