在各種應用系統的開發中，經常需要存儲用戶信息，很多地方都要存儲用戶密碼，而將用戶密碼直接存儲在服務器上顯然是不安全的，本文簡要介紹在JSP中如何實現MD5加密的方法，希望能拋磚引玉。
（一）消息摘要簡介
一個消息摘要就是一個數據塊的數字指紋。即對一個任意長度的一個數據塊進行計算，產生一個唯一指印（對於SHA1是產生一個20字節的二進制數組）。消息摘要是一種與消息認證碼結合使用以確保消息完整性的技術。主要使用單向散列函數算法，可用於檢驗消息的完整性，和通過散列密碼直接以文本形式保存等，目前廣泛使用的算法有MD4、MD5、SHA-1。
消息摘要有兩個基本屬性：
兩個不同的報文難以生成相同的摘要
難以對指定的摘要生成一個報文，而可以由該報文反推算出該指定的摘要。
Java源碼
import java.security.MessageDigest;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
public class MD5Digest
{
private MessageDigest __md5 = null;
private StringBuffer __digestBuffer = null;
public MD5Digest()
throws NoSuchAlgorithmException
{
__md5 = MessageDigest.getInstance("MD5");
__digestBuffer = new StringBuffer();
}
public String md5crypt(String s)
{
__digestBuffer.setLength(0);
byte abyte0[] = __md5.digest(s.getBytes());
for(int i = 0; i < abyte0.length; i++)
__digestBuffer.append(toHex(abyte0[i]));
return __digestBuffer.toString();
}
public String toHex(byte one){
String HEX="0123456789ABCDEF";
char[] result=new char[2];
result[0]=HEX.charAt((one & 0xf0) >> 4);
result[1]=HEX.charAt(one & 0x0f);
String mm=new String(result);
return mm;
}
}
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/************************************************
MD5 算法的Java Bean
@author:Topcat Tuppin
Last Modified:10,Mar,2001
*************************************************/
package beartool;
import java.lang.reflect.*;
/*************************************************
md5 類實現了RSA Data Security, Inc.在提交給IETF
的RFC1321中的MD5 message-digest 算法。
*************************************************/
public class MD5 {
/* 下面這些S11-S44實際上是一個4*4的矩陣，在原始的C實現中是用#define 實現的，
這裡把它們實現成為static final是表示了只讀，切能在同一個進程空間內的多個
Instance間共享*/
static final int S11 = 7;
static final int S12 = 12;
static final int S13 = 17;
static final int S14 = 22;
static final int S21 = 5;
static final int S22 = 9;
static final int S23 = 14;
static final int S24 = 20;
static final int S31 = 4;
static final int S32 = 11;
static final int S33 = 16;
static final int S34 = 23;
static final int S41 = 6;
static final int S42 = 10;
static final int S43 = 15;
static final int S44 = 21;
static final byte[] PADDING = { -128, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 };
/* 下面的三個成員是MD5計算過程中用到的3個核心數據，在原始的C實現中
被定義到MD5_CTX結構中
*/
private long[] state = new long[4];// state (ABCD)
private long[] count = new long[2];// number of bits, modulo 2^64 (lsb first)
private byte[] buffer = new byte[64]; // input buffer
/* digestHexStr是MD5的唯一一個公共成員，是最新一次計算結果的
16進制ASCII表示.
*/
public String digestHexStr;
/* digest,是最新一次計算結果的2進制內部表示，表示128bit的MD5值.
*/
private byte[] digest = new byte[16];
/*
getMD5ofStr是類MD5最主要的公共方法，入口參數是你想要進行MD5變換的字符串
返回的是變換完的結果，這個結果是從公共成員digestHexStr取得的．
*/
public String getMD5ofStr(String inbuf) {
md5Init();
md5Update(inbuf.getBytes(), inbuf.length());
md5Final();
digestHexStr = "";
for (int i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
digestHexStr += byteHEX(digest[i]);
}
return digestHexStr;
}
// 這是MD5這個類的標准構造函數，JavaBean要求有一個public的並且沒有參數的構造函數
public MD5() {
md5Init();
return;
}
/* md5Init是一個初始化函數，初始化核心變量，裝入標准的幻數 */
private void md5Init() {
count[0] = 0L;
count[1] = 0L;
///* Load magic initialization constants.
state[0] = 0x67452301L;
state[1] = 0xefcdab89L;
state[2] = 0x98badcfeL;
state[3] = 0x10325476L;
return;
}
/* F, G, H ,I 是4個基本的MD5函數，在原始的MD5的C實現中，由於它們是
簡單的位運算，可能出於效率的考慮把它們實現成了宏，在java中，我們把它們
實現成了private方法，名字保持了原來C中的。 */
private long F(long x, long y, long z) {
return (x & y) | ((~x) & z);
}
private long G(long x, long y, long z) {
return (x & z) | (y & (~z));
}
private long H(long x, long y, long z) {
return x ^ y ^ z;
}
private long I(long x, long y, long z) {
return y ^ (x | (~z));
}
/*
FF,GG,HH和II將調用F,G,H,I進行近一步變換
FF, GG, HH, and II transformations for rounds 1, 2, 3, and 4.
Rotation is separate from addition to prevent recomputation.
*/
private long FF(long a, long b, long c, long d, long x, long s,
long ac) {
a += F (b, c, d) + x + ac;
a = ((int) a << s) | ((int) a >>> (32 - s));
a += b;
return a;
}
private long GG(long a, long b, long c, long d, long x, long s,
long ac) {
a += G (b, c, d) + x + ac;
a = ((int) a << s) | ((int) a >>> (32 - s));
a += b;
return a;
}
private long HH(long a, long b, long c, long d, long x, long s,
long ac) {
a += H (b, c, d) + x + ac;
a = ((int) a << s) | ((int) a >>> (32 - s));
a += b;
return a;
}
private long II(long a, long b, long c, long d, long x, long s,
long ac) {
a += I (b, c, d) + x + ac;
a = ((int) a << s) | ((int) a >>> (32 - s));
a += b;
return a;
}
/*
md5Update是MD5的主計算過程，inbuf是要變換的字節串，inputlen是長度，這個
函數由getMD5ofStr調用，調用之前需要調用md5init，因此把它設計成private的
*/
private void md5Update(byte[] inbuf, int inputLen) {
int i, index, partLen;
byte[] block = new byte[64];
index = (int)(count[0] >>> 3) & 0x3F;
// /* Update number of bits */
if ((count[0] += (inputLen << 3)) < (inputLen << 3))
count[1]++;
count[1] += (inputLen >>> 29);
partLen = 64 - index;
// Transform as many times as possible.
if (inputLen >= partLen) {
md5Memcpy(buffer, inbuf, index, 0, partLen);
md5Transform(buffer);
for (i = partLen; i + 63 < inputLen; i += 64) {
md5Memcpy(block, inbuf, 0, i, 64);
md5Transform (block);
}
index = 0;
} else
i = 0;
///* Buffer remaining input */
md5Memcpy(buffer, inbuf, index, i, inputLen - i);
}
/*
md5Final整理和填寫輸出結果
*/
private void md5Final () {
byte[] bits = new byte[8];
int index, padLen;
///* Save number of bits */
Encode (bits, count, 8);
///* Pad out to 56 mod 64.
index = (int)(count[0] >>> 3) & 0x3f;
padLen = (index < 56) ? (56 - index) : (120 - index);
md5Update (PADDING, padLen);
///* Append length (before padding) */
md5Update(bits, 8);
///* Store state in digest */
Encode (digest, state, 16);
}
/* md5Memcpy是一個內部使用的byte數組的塊拷貝函數，從input的inpos開始把len長度的
字節拷貝到output的outpos位置開始
*/
private void md5Memcpy (byte[] output, byte[] input,
int outpos, int inpos, int len)
{
int i;
for (i = 0; i < len; i++)
output[outpos + i] = input[inpos + i];
}
/*
md5Transform是MD5核心變換程序，有md5Update調用，block是分塊的原始字節
*/
private void md5Transform (byte block[]) {
long a = state[0], b = state[1], c = state[2], d = state[3];
long[] x = new long[16];
Decode (x, block, 64);
/* Round 1 */
a = FF (a, b, c, d, x[0], S11, 0xd76aa478L); /* 1 */
d = FF (d, a, b, c, x[1], S12, 0xe8c7b756L); /* 2 */
c = FF (c, d, a, b, x[2], S13, 0x242070dbL); /* 3 */
b = FF (b, c, d, a, x[3], S14, 0xc1bdceeeL); /* 4 */
a = FF (a, b, c, d, x[4], S11, 0xf57c0fafL); /* 5 */
d = FF (d, a, b, c, x[5], S12, 0x4787c62aL); /* 6 */
c = FF (c, d, a, b, x[6], S13, 0xa8304613L); /* 7 */
b = FF (b, c, d, a, x[7], S14, 0xfd469501L); /* 8 */
a = FF (a, b, c, d, x[8], S11, 0x698098d8L); /* 9 */
d = FF (d, a, b, c, x[9], S12, 0x8b44f7afL); /* 10 */
c = FF (c, d, a, b, x[10], S13, 0xffff5bb1L); /* 11 */
b = FF (b, c, d, a, x[11], S14, 0x895cd7beL); /* 12 */
a = FF (a, b, c, d, x[12], S11, 0x6b901122L); /* 13 */
d = FF (d, a, b, c, x[13], S12, 0xfd987193L); /* 14 */
c = FF (c, d, a, b, x[14], S13, 0xa679438eL); /* 15 */
b = FF (b, c, d, a, x[15], S14, 0x49b40821L); /* 16 */
/* Round 2 */
a = GG (a, b, c, d, x[1], S21, 0xf61e2562L); /* 17 */
d = GG (d, a, b, c, x[6], S22, 0xc040b340L); /* 18 */
c = GG (c, d, a, b, x[11], S23, 0x265e5a51L); /* 19 */
b = GG (b, c, d, a, x[0], S24, 0xe9b6c7aaL); /* 20 */
a = GG (a, b, c, d, x[5], S21, 0xd62f105dL); /* 21 */
d = GG (d, a, b, c, x[10], S22, 0x2441453L); /* 22 */
c = GG (c, d, a, b, x[15], S23, 0xd8a1e681L); /* 23 */
b = GG (b, c, d, a, x[4], S24, 0xe7d3fbc8L); /* 24 */
a = GG (a, b, c, d, x[9], S21, 0x21e1cde6L); /* 25 */
d = GG (d, a, b, c, x[14], S22, 0xc33707d6L); /* 26 */
c = GG (c, d, a, b, x[3], S23, 0xf4d50d87L); /* 27 */
b = GG (b, c, d, a, x[8], S24, 0x455a14edL); /* 28 */
a = GG (a, b, c, d, x[13], S21, 0xa9e3e905L); /* 29 */
d = GG (d, a, b, c, x[2], S22, 0xfcefa3f8L); /* 30 */
c = GG (c, d, a, b, x[7], S23, 0x676f02d9L); /* 31 */
b = GG (b, c, d, a, x[12], S24, 0x8d2a4c8aL); /* 32 */
/* Round 3 */
a = HH (a, b, c, d, x[5], S31, 0xfffa3942L); /* 33 */
d = HH (d, a, b, c, x[8], S32, 0x8771f681L); /* 34 */
c = HH (c, d, a, b, x[11], S33, 0x6d9d6122L); /* 35 */
b = HH (b, c, d, a, x[14], S34, 0xfde5380cL); /* 36 */
a = HH (a, b, c, d, x[1], S31, 0xa4beea44L); /* 37 */
d = HH (d, a, b, c, x[4], S32, 0x4bdecfa9L); /* 38 */
c = HH (c, d, a, b, x[7], S33, 0xf6bb4b60L); /* 39 */
b = HH (b, c, d, a, x[10], S34, 0xbebfbc70L); /* 40 */
a = HH (a, b, c, d, x[13], S31, 0x289b7ec6L); /* 41 */
d = HH (d, a, b, c, x[0], S32, 0xeaa127faL); /* 42 */
c = HH (c, d, a, b, x[3], S33, 0xd4ef3085L); /* 43 */
b = HH (b, c, d, a, x[6], S34, 0x4881d05L); /* 44 */
a = HH (a, b, c, d, x[9], S31, 0xd9d4d039L); /* 45 */
d = HH (d, a, b, c, x[12], S32, 0xe6db99e5L); /* 46 */
c = HH (c, d, a, b, x[15], S33, 0x1fa27cf8L); /* 47 */
b = HH (b, c, d, a, x[2], S34, 0xc4ac5665L); /* 48 */
/* Round 4 */
a = II (a, b, c, d, x[0], S41, 0xf4292244L); /* 49 */
d = II (d, a, b, c, x[7], S42, 0x432aff97L); /* 50 */
c = II (c, d, a, b, x[14], S43, 0xab9423a7L); /* 51 */
b = II (b, c, d, a, x[5], S44, 0xfc93a039L); /* 52 */
a = II (a, b, c, d, x[12], S41, 0x655b59c3L); /* 53 */
d = II (d, a, b, c, x[3], S42, 0x8f0ccc92L); /* 54 */
c = II (c, d, a, b, x[10], S43, 0xffeff47dL); /* 55 */
b = II (b, c, d, a, x[1], S44, 0x85845dd1L); /* 56 */
a = II (a, b, c, d, x[8], S41, 0x6fa87e4fL); /* 57 */
d = II (d, a, b, c, x[15], S42, 0xfe2ce6e0L); /* 58 */
c = II (c, d, a, b, x[6], S43, 0xa3014314L); /* 59 */
b = II (b, c, d, a, x[13], S44, 0x4e0811a1L); /* 60 */
a = II (a, b, c, d, x[4], S41, 0xf7537e82L); /* 61 */
d = II (d, a, b, c, x[11], S42, 0xbd3af235L); /* 62 */
c = II (c, d, a, b, x[2], S43, 0x2ad7d2bbL); /* 63 */
b = II (b, c, d, a, x[9], S44, 0xeb86d391L); /* 64 */
state[0] += a;
state[1] += b;
state[2] += c;
state[3] += d;
}
/*Encode把long數組按順序拆成byte數組，因為java的long類型是64bit的，
只拆低32bit，以適應原始C實現的用途
*/
private void Encode (byte[] output, long[] input, int len) {
int i, j;
for (i = 0, j = 0; j < len; i++, j += 4) {
output[j] = (byte)(input[i] & 0xffL);
output[j + 1] = (byte)((input[i] >>> 8) & 0xffL);
output[j + 2] = (byte)((input[i] >>> 16) & 0xffL);
output[j + 3] = (byte)((input[i] >>> 24) & 0xffL);
}
}
/*Decode把byte數組按順序合成成long數組，因為java的long類型是64bit的，
只合成低32bit，高32bit清零，以適應原始C實現的用途
*/
private void Decode (long[] output, byte[] input, int len) {
int i, j;
for (i = 0, j = 0; j < len; i++, j += 4)
output[i] = b2iu(input[j]) |
(b2iu(input[j + 1]) << 8) |
(b2iu(input[j + 2]) << 16) |
(b2iu(input[j + 3]) << 24);
return;
}
/*
b2iu是我寫的一個把byte按照不考慮正負號的原則的＂升位＂程序，因為java沒有unsigned運算
*/
public static long b2iu(byte b) {
return b < 0 ? b & 0x7F + 128 : b;
}
/*byteHEX()，用來把一個byte類型的數轉換成十六進制的ASCII表示，
因為java中的byte的toString無法實現這一點，我們又沒有C語言中的
sprintf(outbuf,"%02X",ib)
*/
public static String byteHEX(byte ib) {
char[] Digit = { '0','1','2','3','4','5','6','7','8','9',
'A','B','C','D','E','F' };
char [] ob = new char[2];
ob[0] = Digit[(ib >>> 4) & 0X0F];
ob[1] = Digit[ib & 0X0F];
String s = new String(ob);
return s;
}
public static void main(String args[]) {
MD5 m = new MD5();
if (Array.getLength(args) == 0) {//如果沒有參數，執行標准的Test Suite
System.out.println("MD5 Test suite:");
System.out.println("MD5(\"\"):"+m.getMD5ofStr(""));
System.out.println("MD5(\"a\"):"+m.getMD5ofStr("a"));
System.out.println("MD5(\"abc\"):"+m.getMD5ofStr("abc"));
System.out.println("MD5(\"message digest\"):"+m.getMD5ofStr("message digest"));
System.out.println("MD5(\"abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz\"):"+
m.getMD5ofStr("abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz"));
System.out.println("MD5(\"ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789\"):"+
m.getMD5ofStr("ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789"));
}
else
System.out.println("MD5(" + args[0] + ")=" + m.getMD5ofStr(args[0]));
}
}
JSP中的使用方法
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<%@ page language='java' %>
<jsp:useBean id='oMD5' scope='request' class='beartool.MD5'/>
<%@ page import='java.util.*'%>
<%@ page import='java.sql.*'%>
<html>
<body>
<%
String userid = request.getParameter("UserID");//獲取用戶輸入UserID
String password = request.getParameter("Password"); //獲取用戶輸入的Password
String pwdmd5 = oMD5.getMD5ofStr(password);//計算MD5的值
PrintWriter rp = response.getWriter();
Class.forName("sun.jdbc.odbc.JdbcOdbcDriver");
Connection con = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:odbc:community", "", "");
Statement stmt = con.createStatement();
ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery("select * from users where userID ='"+userid+"' and pwdmd5= '" + pwdmd5+"'" );
if (rs.next())
{
rp.print("Login OK");
}
else
{
rp.print("Login Fail");
}
stmt.close();
con.close();
%>
</body>
</html>
以上就是本文的全部內容，希望對大家的學習有所幫助，也希望大家多多支持。