DIV CSS 佈局教程網

 DIV+CSS佈局教程網 >> 網頁腳本 >> JavaScript入門知識 >> 關於JavaScript >> JavaScript原生xmlHttp與jquery的ajax方法json數據格式實例
JavaScript原生xmlHttp與jquery的ajax方法json數據格式實例
編輯:關於JavaScript     

javascript版本的ajax發送請求

(1)、創建XMLHttpRequest對象,這個對象就是ajax請求的核心,是ajax請求和響應的信息載體,單是不同浏覽器創建方式不同

(2)、請求路徑

(3)、使用open方法綁定發送請求

(4)、使用send() 方法發送請求

(5)、獲取服務器返回的字符串   xmlhttpRequest.responseText;

(6)、獲取服務端返回的值,以xml對象的形式存儲  xmlhttpRequest.responseXML;

(7)、使用W3C DOM節點樹方法和屬性對該XML文檔對象進行檢查和解析。

序言:

     近來隨著項目的上線實施,稍微有點空閒,閒暇之時偶然發現之前寫的關於javascript原生xmlHttp ajax方法以及後來jquery插件ajax方法,於是就行了一些總結,因時間原因,並未在所有浏覽器上進行測試,目前測試的IE8,9,10,Google Chrome,Mozilla Firefox,Opera常用幾款,如大家在進行驗證測試發現有問題,請及時反饋與我,謝謝大家。

言歸正傳,直接上代碼:

 前端代碼 

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
  <title>Ajax練習</title>
  <script src="/Scripts/jquery-1.4.1.min.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
  <style type="text/css">
  label{width:50px;display:inline-block;}
  </style>
</head>
<body>
<div id="contentDiv">
  <h2>html5表單元素</h2>
  <label>E-mail</label><input type="email" name="UserEmail" id="UserEmail" value="251608027@qq.com" /><br />
  <label>URL:</label><input type="url" name="UserURL" id="UserURL" value="http://www.baidu.com" /><br />
  <label>Number:</label><input type="number" name="UserNumber" id="UserNumber" min="1" max="100" value="87" /><br />
  <label>Range:</label><input type="range" name="UserRange" min="1" max="100" value="78" /><br />
  <label>Date:</label><input type="date" name="UserDate" id="UserDate" value="2015-12-01" /><br />
  <label>Search:</label><input type="search" name="UserSearch" id="UserSearch" value="search" /><br />
  <label id="lblMsg" style="color:Red; width:100%;"></label><br />
  <input type="button" id="btnXmlHttp" value="提 交" onclick="return xmlPost();" />
  <input type="button" id="btnAjax" value="Ajax提 交" onclick="return Ajax();" />
  <input type="button" id="btnPost" value="Post提 交" onclick="return Post();" />
  <input type="button" id="btnGet" value="Get提 交" onclick="return Get();" />
  <input type="button" id="btnGetJSON" value="GetJSON提 交" onclick="return GetJSON();" />
  <input type="button" id="btnCustom" value="Custom提 交" onclick="return Custom();" />
  <br /><label id="lblAD" style="color:Red; width:100%;">.NET技術交流群:70895254,歡迎大家</label>
  <script type="text/javascript">
    //基礎數據
    var jsonData = {
      UserEmail: $("#UserEmail").val(),
      UserURL: $("#UserURL").val(),
      UserNumber: $("#UserNumber").val(),
      UserRange: $("#UserRange").val(),
      UserDate: $("#UserDate").val(),
      UserSearch: $("#UserSearch").val()
    };
    //統一返回結果處理
    function Data(data, type) {
      if (data && data.length > 0) {
        var lblMsg = "";
        for (i = 0; i < data.length; i++) {
          for (var j in data[i]) {
            lblMsg += j + ":" + data[i][j];
            if (j != "Name" && j != "UserSearch") { lblMsg += "," }
          }
          if (i != data.length) { lblMsg += ";"; }
        }
        $("#lblMsg").html(type + "請求成功,返回結果:" + lblMsg);
      }
    }
  </script>
  <script type="text/javascript">
    //javascript 原生ajax方法
    function createXMLHttp() {
      var XmlHttp;
      if (window.ActiveXObject) {
        var arr = ["MSXML2.XMLHttp.6.0", "MSXML2.XMLHttp.5.0", "MSXML2.XMLHttp.4.0", "MSXML2.XMLHttp.3.0", "MSXML2.XMLHttp", "Microsoft.XMLHttp"];
        for (var i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
          try {
            XmlHttp = new ActiveXObject(arr[i]);
            return XmlHttp;
          }
          catch (error) { }
        }
      }
      else {
        try {
          XmlHttp = new XMLHttpRequest();
          return XmlHttp;
        }
        catch (otherError) { }
      }
    }    
    function xmlPost() {
      var xmlHttp = createXMLHttp();
      var queryStr = "Ajax_Type=Email&jsonData=" + JSON.stringify(jsonData);
      var url = "/Handler/AjaxHandlerHelper.ashx?no.=" + Math.random();
      xmlHttp.open('Post', url, true);
      xmlHttp.setRequestHeader("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
      xmlHttp.send(queryStr);
      xmlHttp.onreadystatechange = function () {
        if (xmlHttp.readyState == 4 && xmlHttp.status == 200) {
          var data = eval(xmlHttp.responseText);
          Data(data, "javascript原生xmlHttp");
        }
      }
    }
  </script>
  <script type="text/javascript">
    //jquery $.ajax方法
    function Ajax() {
      $.ajax({
        url: "/Handler/AjaxHandlerHelper.ashx?no.=" + Math.random(),
        type: "Post",
        async: false,
        data: {
          Ajax_Type: "Email",
          jsonData: JSON.stringify(jsonData)
        },
        dataType: "json",
        beforeSend: function () { //發送請求前 
          $("#btnPost").attr('disabled', "true");
        },
        complete: function () { //發送請求完成後
          $("#btnPost").removeAttr("disabled");
        },
        error: function (XMLHttpRequest, textStatus, errorThrown) {
          alert("error!" + errorThrown);
          //alert("請求錯誤,請重試!");
        },
        success: function (data) {
          Data(data, "Jquery $.ajax");
        }
      });
    }
    //jquery $.post方法
    function Post() {
      $.post("/Handler/AjaxHandlerHelper.ashx?no.=" + Math.random(),
        {
          Ajax_Type: "Email",
          jsonData: JSON.stringify(jsonData)
        },
        function (data) {
          Data(data, "Jquery $.post");
        }
      );
      }
    //jquery $.getJSON方法
    function GetJSON() {
      $.getJSON("/Handler/AjaxHandlerHelper.ashx?no.=" + Math.random(),
        {
          Ajax_Type: "Email",
          jsonData: JSON.stringify(jsonData)
        },
        function (data) {
          Data(data, "Jquery $.getJSON");
        }
      );
      }
    //jquery $.get方法
    function Get() {
      $.get("/Handler/AjaxHandlerHelper.ashx?no.=" + Math.random(),
        {
          Ajax_Type: "Email",
          jsonData: JSON.stringify(jsonData)
        },
        function (data) {
          Data(data, "Jquery $.get");
        }
      );
    }
  </script>
  <script type="text/javascript">
    //javascript原生腳本自定義jquery $.ajax方法
    var CustomAjax = function (custom) {
      // 初始化
      var type = custom.type; //type參數,可選      
      var url = custom.url; //url參數,必填      
      var data = custom.data; //data參數可選,只有在post請求時需要        
      var dataType = custom.dataType; //datatype參數可選      
      var success = custom.success; //回調函數可選
      var beforeSend = custom.beforeSend; //回調函數可選
      var complete = custom.complete; //回調函數可選
      var error = custom.error; //回調函數可選
      if (type == null) {//type參數可選,默認為get
        type = "get";
      }
      if (dataType == null) {//dataType參數可選,默認為text
        dataType = "text";
      }
      var xmlHttp = createXMLHttp(); // 創建ajax引擎對象
      xmlHttp.open(type, url, true); // 打開
      // 發送
      if (type == "GET" || type == "get" || type == "Get") {//大小寫
        xmlHttp.send(null);
      }
      else if (type == "POST" || type == "post" || type == "Post") {
        xmlHttp.setRequestHeader("content-type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
        xmlHttp.send(data);
      }
      xmlHttp.onreadystatechange = function () {
        if (xmlHttp.readyState == 4 && xmlHttp.status == 200) {
          if (dataType == "text" || dataType == "TEXT") {
            if (success != null) {
              //普通文本
              success(xmlHttp.responseText);
            }
          } else if (dataType == "xml" || dataType == "XML") {
            if (success != null) {
              //接收xml文檔  
              success(xmlHttp.responseXML);
            }
          } else if (dataType == "json" || dataType == "JSON") {
            if (success != null) {
              //將json字符串轉換為js對象 
              success(eval("(" + xmlHttp.responseText + ")"));
            }
          }
        }
      };
    };
    //自定義方法
    function Custom() {
      CustomAjax({
        type: "Post",
        url: "/Handler/AjaxHandlerHelper.ashx?no.=" + Math.random(),
        data: "Ajax_Type=Email&jsonData=" + JSON.stringify(jsonData),
        dataType: "json",
        success: function (data) {
          Data(data, "Custom自定義");
        }
      });
    }
  </script>
</div>
</body>
</html> 

.ashx後端代碼

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Script.Serialization;
using System.Runtime.Serialization.Json;
using System.IO;
using System.Text;
namespace WebHTML5.Handler
{
  /// <summary>
  /// AjaxHandlerHelper 的摘要說明
  /// </summary>
  public class AjaxHandlerHelper : IHttpHandler
  {
    public void ProcessRequest(HttpContext context)
    {
      context.Response.ContentType = "application/json";
      //context.Response.Charset = "utf-8";
      var Ajax_Type = context.Request.QueryString["Ajax_Type"] == null ?
        context.Request.Form["Ajax_Type"] : context.Request.QueryString["Ajax_Type"];
      switch (Ajax_Type) 
      {
        case "Email":
          context.Response.Write(PostEmail(context));
          break;
        default:
          context.Response.Write("[{\"Age\":28,\"Name\":\"張鵬飛\"}]");
          break;
      }
    }
    public static string PostEmail(HttpContext context)
    {
      string semail = string.Empty;
      if (context.Request.HttpMethod == "GET")
      {
        semail = "[" + context.Request.QueryString["jsonData"] + "]";
      }
      else
      {
        semail = "[" + context.Request.Form["jsonData"] + "]";
      }
      return semail;
    }
    /// <summary>
    /// JSON序列化
    /// </summary>
    public static string JsonSerializer<T>(T t)
    {
      DataContractJsonSerializer ser = new DataContractJsonSerializer(typeof(T));
      MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream();
      ser.WriteObject(ms, t);
      string jsonString = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(ms.ToArray());
      ms.Close();
      return jsonString;
    }
    /// <summary>
    /// JSON反序列化
    /// </summary>
    public static T JsonDeserialize<T>(string jsonString)
    {
      DataContractJsonSerializer ser = new DataContractJsonSerializer(typeof(T));
      MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(jsonString));
      T obj = (T)ser.ReadObject(ms);
      return obj;
    }
    public bool IsReusable
    {
      get
      {
        return false;
      }
    }
  }
} 

Jquery 方法擴展

  關於Jquery的方法擴展大家自行google或百度;

結束語

說明一下情況:案例中出現的html5 range標簽的取值問題,寫的不對,大家不要在意這些,關於range標簽如何取值大家自行google或百度;

XML學習教程| jQuery入門知識| AJAX入門| Dreamweaver教程| Fireworks入門知識| SEO技巧| SEO優化集錦|
Copyright © DIV+CSS佈局教程網 All Rights Reserved