模擬拖拽的原理:
x1等於div.offsetLeft
y1等於div.offsetTop
x2等於ev.clientX(ev表示event事件)
y2等於ev.clientY
當我們在方塊上按下鼠標的時候,x2-x1即可確定。移動鼠標之後,我們用鼠標當前的位置即x4、y4減去x2-x1、y2-y1就可以得到方塊現在的位置。
代碼:
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Document</title> <style> #box{ width: 100px; height: 100px; background: red; position: absolute; } </style> </head> <body> <div id="box"></div> <script type="text/javascript"> var oBox = document.getElementById('box'); oBox.onmousedown = function(ev){ // 鼠標按下 var ev = ev || event; // 獲取鼠標離div得距離 var mouseBoxleft = ev.clientX - this.offsetLeft; var mouseBoxTop = ev.clientY - this.offsetTop; oBox.onmousemove = function(ev){ // 鼠標按下左鍵並移動 var ev = ev || event; // 設置div移動時,它的位置 oBox.style.left = ev.clientX - mouseBoxleft + 'px'; oBox.style.top = ev.clientY - mouseBoxleft + 'px'; } oBox.onmouseup = function(){ // 鼠標左鍵抬起 oBox.onmousemove = oBox.onmouseup = null; } } </script> </body> </html>
優化代碼:
【1】鼠標移動快的時候,鼠標會移出方塊,這時方塊就不會再跟隨鼠標動了。
解決辦法:就是將onmousemove和onmouseup加到document對象上
代碼:
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Document</title> <style> #box{ width: 100px; height: 100px; background: red; position: absolute; } </style> </head> <body> <div id="box"></div> <script> var oBox = document.getElementById('box'); oBox.onmousedown = function(ev){ // 鼠標按下 var ev = ev || event; // 獲取鼠標離div得距離 var mouseBoxleft = ev.clientX - this.offsetLeft; var mouseBoxTop = ev.clientY - this.offsetTop; document.onmousemove = function(ev){ // 鼠標按下左鍵並移動 var ev = ev || event; // 設置div移動時,它的位置 oBox.style.left = ev.clientX - mouseBoxleft + 'px'; oBox.style.top = ev.clientY - mouseBoxleft + 'px'; } document.onmouseup = function(){ // 鼠標左鍵抬起 document.onmousemove = document.onmouseup = null; } } </script> </body> </html>
【2】當要拖動的方塊中有文字時會觸發浏覽器的默認行為
解決辦法:1、使用return false添加到onmousedown事件中阻止浏覽器的默認行為(IE除外)
2、使用全局捕獲(IE)
1、使用return false添加到onmousedown事件中阻止浏覽器的默認行為(IE除外)
代碼:
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Document</title> <style> #box{ width: 100px; height: 100px; background: red; position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; } </style> </head> <body> <div id="box">模擬拖拽</div> <script> var oBox = document.getElementById('box'); oBox.onmousedown = function(ev){ // 鼠標按下 var ev = ev || event; // 獲取鼠標離div得距離 var mouseBoxleft = ev.clientX - this.offsetLeft; var mouseBoxTop = ev.clientY - this.offsetTop; document.onmousemove = function(ev){ // 鼠標按下左鍵並移動 var ev = ev || event; // 設置div移動時,它的位置 oBox.style.left = ev.clientX - mouseBoxleft + 'px'; oBox.style.top = ev.clientY - mouseBoxleft + 'px'; } document.onmouseup = function(){ // 鼠標左鍵抬起 document.onmousemove = document.onmouseup = null; } // 阻止默認行為 return false; } </script> </body> </html>
2、使用全局捕獲(IE)
全局捕獲:當我們給一個元素這只全局捕獲後,改元素會監聽後續發生的所有事件,當有事件發生的時候就會觸發改元素的事件
代碼:
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Document</title> </head> <body> <input type="button" id="button1" value="彈出1" /> <input type="button" id="button2" value="彈出2" /> <script type="text/javascript"> window.onload = function(){ var Btn1 = document.getElementById('button1'); var Btn2 = document.getElementById('button2'); Btn1.setCapture(); Btn1.onclick = function(){ alert(1); } Btn2.onclick = function(){ alert(2); } } </script> </body> </html>
給Btn1設置了全局捕獲之後,即使我們點擊了Btn2還是會觸發Btn1的點擊事件
在模擬拖拽中,給要拖拽的方塊onmousedown添加全局捕獲然後再onmouseup中取消全局捕獲
代碼:
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Document</title> <style> #box{ width: 100px; height: 100px; background: red; position: absolute; } </style> </head> <body> <div id="box">模擬拖拽</div> <script> var oBox = document.getElementById('box'); oBox.onmousedown = function(ev){ // 鼠標按下 var ev = ev || event; // 獲取鼠標離div得距離 var mouseBoxleft = ev.clientX - this.offsetLeft; var mouseBoxTop = ev.clientY - this.offsetTop; // IE浏覽器,全局捕獲 if(oBox.setCapture){ oBox.setCapture(); } document.onmousemove = function(ev){ // 鼠標按下左鍵並移動 var ev = ev || event; // 設置div移動時,它的位置 oBox.style.left = ev.clientX - mouseBoxleft + 'px'; oBox.style.top = ev.clientY - mouseBoxleft + 'px'; } document.onmouseup = function(){ // 鼠標左鍵抬起 document.onmousemove = document.onmouseup = null; //IE下,釋放全局捕獲 releaseCapture(); if ( oBox.releaseCapture ) { oBox.releaseCapture(); } } // 阻止默認行為 return false; } </script> </body> </html>
【3】封裝模擬拖拽函數
代碼:
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Document</title> <style> #box{ width: 100px; height: 100px; background: red; position: absolute; } </style> </head> <body> <div id="box">模擬拖拽</div> <script> var oBox = document.getElementById('box'); drag(oBox); function drag(obj){ obj.onmousedown = function(ev){ // 鼠標按下 var ev = ev || event; // 獲取鼠標離div得距離 var mouseBoxleft = ev.clientX - this.offsetLeft; var mouseBoxTop = ev.clientY - this.offsetTop; // IE浏覽器,全局捕獲 if(obj.setCapture){ obj.setCapture(); } document.onmousemove = function(ev){ // 鼠標按下左鍵並移動 var ev = ev || event; // 設置div移動時,它的位置 obj.style.left = ev.clientX - mouseBoxleft + 'px'; obj.style.top = ev.clientY - mouseBoxleft + 'px'; } document.onmouseup = function(){ // 鼠標左鍵抬起 document.onmousemove = document.onmouseup = null; //IE下,釋放全局捕獲 releaseCapture(); if ( obj.releaseCapture ) { obj.releaseCapture(); } } // 阻止默認行為 return false; } } </script> </body> </html>
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